Evidence desk · stewardship and surveillance
Methods for reading antibiotic-use measures, stewardship standards, resistance surveillance and public-health reporting without turning population data into individual treatment advice.

How this evidence desk works
The desk keeps setting, denominator, organism, specimen, reporting period and surveillance purpose visible so unlike measures are not collapsed into one conclusion.
- Source
- Begin with the controlling agency record or primary dataset.
- Scope
- Preserve population, setting, product, geography and time.
- Boundary
- State what the evidence cannot establish or recommend.
- Refresh
- Recheck dynamic records before time-sensitive publication.
Research index
Evidence guides in this desk
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Evidence guide 46
What Current CDC Resistance Data Can Establish
Read CDC resistance portal updates by organism, phenotype, setting, geography, period and denominator without inventing trends.
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Evidence guide 47
How to Read the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System
Interpret NARMS human, animal and retail-food resistance data without merging unlike samples, methods or denominators.
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Evidence guide 48
What the Latest CDC Outpatient Antibiotic Data Shows
Report current CDC outpatient antibiotic dispensing data with the right measure, population, geography, period and limitations.
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Evidence guide 49
How to Interpret CDC Inpatient Antibiotic Use Data
Interpret hospital days of therapy, use rates and SAARs with location, denominator, baseline and risk-adjustment context.
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Evidence guide 50
Inside CDC Antimicrobial Use and Resistance Reporting
See how facilities submit NHSN antimicrobial use and resistance data, what validation requires and what missing records mean.
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Evidence guide 51
How to Audit a Hospital Stewardship Program Against CDC Elements
Audit hospital stewardship leadership, accountability, expertise, action, tracking, reporting and education with dated evidence.
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Evidence guide 52
What the CDC Nursing Home Core Elements Require
Read CDC nursing-home stewardship elements by leadership, accountability, expertise, action, tracking, reporting and education.
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Evidence guide 53
The CDC Core Elements for Outpatient Antibiotic Stewardship
Apply outpatient stewardship commitment, action, tracking, reporting, education and expertise without giving patient-level advice.
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Evidence guide 54
What Dental Practices Can Verify About Antibiotic Stewardship
Use CDC dental stewardship resources to verify diagnosis, guideline use, documentation, follow-up and measurement without drug advice.
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Evidence guide 55
How Test Selection and Results Shape Antibiotic Stewardship
Explain how indication, specimen, timing, laboratory methods and clinical context shape culture interpretation and stewardship.
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Evidence guide 56
What Current Federal C. difficile Data Can Tell Us
Report CDC C. difficile surveillance by case definition, setting, geography, population and period without causal overreach.
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Evidence guide 57
What a Verified Gonorrhea Resistance Update Means
Interpret CDC gonorrhea resistance surveillance by system, sample, drug, threshold and date without recommending treatment.
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Evidence guide 58
How CDC Tracks Antifungal Resistance
Read CDC antifungal resistance findings by species, drug, specimen, method, setting and denominator without overgeneralizing.
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Evidence guide 59
Methods and Limits Behind Federal Resistance Threat Categories
Read CDC resistance threat categories with the correct report, data years, methods, estimates and uncertainty instead of stale totals.
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Evidence guide 60
How to Explain Antibiotic Use Without Encouraging Self-Treatment
Explain antibiotic-use measures with population, setting, period, source and limits while reinforcing safe no-self-treatment boundaries.
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Evidence guide 61
What Days of Therapy Measures in Antibiotic Use Reporting
Learn what days of therapy measures, why the denominator matters and why DOT alone cannot rank antibiotic care quality.
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Evidence guide 62
A Source Method for State Stewardship Policy Comparisons
Compare state HAI and stewardship plans by current source, scope, measures and implementation evidence without false rankings.
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Evidence guide 63
How NARMS Connects Human, Animal and Food Surveillance
See how NARMS connects human, retail-food and animal resistance evidence while keeping each sampling frame distinct.
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Evidence guide 64
What the Current Federal Antibiotic Resistance Plan Prioritizes
Report a federal CARB plan by exact document, dates, agencies and deliverables while separating goals, actions and outcomes.
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Evidence guide 65
What Evidence an Antimicrobial Stewardship Story Needs
Match antibiotic stewardship claims to official data, guidance and dates while keeping policy reporting out of treatment advice.